Friday, January 24, 2020
Humanitarian Intervention Essay examples -- Humanitarianism Definition
Humanitarian Intervention Hypothesis: That despite the incidents where humanitarian interventions have proved seemingly unsuccessful, they are, nonetheless, a vital tool in alleviating the human suffering that so plagues contemporary society. The post-Cold war world is one that has been riddled with conflict, suffering and war. In the face of such times, the issue of humanitarian intervention and about who, when and how it should be employed, has become hotly debated. While some critics declare this kind of intervention to be a violation of national sovereignty, others believe that relief efforts aimed at ending human suffering are perfectly justifiable. (7) The key question here is, if internal wars cause unacceptable human suffering, should the international community develop collective mechanisms for preventing or alleviating it?(5) This essay will attempt to address such a question, by outlining the arguments for and against humanitarian intervention in the context of the Bosnian crisis of 1991. In light of the evidence, it will be proven that although humanitarian intervention does have flaws, it is a vital tool in alleviating the human suffering that so plagues contemporary society. The complex issue of humanitarian intervention is widely argued and inherently controversial. Humanitarian intervention involves the coercive action of states intervening in areas for the sole purpose of preventing or halting the killing or suffering of the people there. (1, 9, 5) It is an issue argued fervently amongst restrictionists and counter-restrictionists, who debate over whether humanitarian intervention is a breach of international law or a moral requirement. (10) Restrictionists argue that Articles 2 (7) and 2 (4) of the United Nations (UN) Charter render forcible humanitarian intervention illegal. The only legitimate exception to this, they claim, is the right to self defence, as enshrined in Article 51 of the UN Charter. (1-472) This position is contested by counter-restrictionists, who insist that any and all nations have the right, and the responsibility, to prevent humanitarian disasters. (8-5) Despite the declaration of a ââ¬Ënew world orderââ¬â¢, the post-Cold war world has not been a more peaceful one: regional and ethnic conflicts have, in fact, proliferated. Between 1989 and 1993, for example, thirteen new peacekeeping operations were launched by th... ...gue that the Bosnian crisis is a prime example of why humanitarian intervention is a flawed and unsuccessful option. Critics argue that, even though the UN prevented hundreds of thousands of Bosnians in besieged towns from starvation, it did little or nothing to stop Bosnian Serbs from shelling these areas and ethnically cleansing them of Muslims. Furthermore, others claim that NATOââ¬â¢S degrading of Serb military capability from the air did nothing to save those civilians trapped in UN-created safe areas. In 1995 at least 7,414 Muslim men were rounded up in a Screbrenica enclave and systematically killed in the worst war crime of the whole war. However, while such examples may indicate that humanitarian interventions are not a legitimate option, there are also positive aspects that in some cases, compensate for, and override these negative flaws. However, such a definition is open to much controversy. Who can authorise such interventions? What is classified as human suffering, and furthermore, what type of action is considered a legitimate response? (5- pg155) These are the questions that underpin the issue of humanitarian intervention, questions that remained unanswered today.
Thursday, January 16, 2020
10 Critical Decision areas of operation management Essay
I. Goods and service design. According to Henzer (2004), design of goods and design defines much of the transformation process. The factors of cost, quality and human resources must be made during the stage. Operation management of product and services is also different because due to different characteristic and tangible / intangible feature. II. Quality. Customer has a very high quality standard nowadays and operation management decision in quality must be clear and strict for its members to understand and comply. It must set a quality, standard and operating procedure to meet customersââ¬â¢ high expectation. III. Process and capacity design. Manufacturing of physical products may have higher importance on process and capacity design than services operation. Operation management (product) should decide what process it, what type of technology and to what extent, human resources, quality and maintenance that determines its basic cost structure. Services operation decision on this area is much simpler and it can determine by customers who directly involved in the process. For example, customer will ask tailor to design specific fashion clothes. Capacity design issue is critical for services because it will try to reduce waiting time and avoid lost of sales due to insufficient capacity. For manufacturing capacity design is based on firms financial capability, forecast for future and market demand. IV. Location can be an area for operation management to decide and with globalization of business, operation managers too must think global. For physical goods, location selection can be determined by pools of qualified human resources, technology, raw material, access to market and government policy. For services as it is direct to customers, the location is determined by market accessibility or near to customer as possible. V. Layout design. Material flow, process selection technology used, capacity needs, workers needs, inventory requirement, and capital will influence theà decision for layout design. For services such as hotels, beside capacity needs layout also will enhance its attributes and features to the customers. VI. Human Resources and Job Design ââ¬â Employees is the integral part in the total system design. Operation management must set a policy to set labor standards to ease transition of skills, improvement of knowledge, skills and abilities (KSA), build a balance work and life quality in an effective cost target. For services one extra area operation management should touch, which is customers relationship that they are dealing directly. VII. Supply Chain Management ââ¬â Decisions that have to take place of what to produce, what material to buy, from where, how is the cost and how is the delivery from supplier to the final end customers in on-time delivery and minimum cost possible. It is more critical in production of goods than services. VIII. Inventory ââ¬â Decisions on how and where the inventory level to keep long term customers satisfaction, suppliers, material availability for not to disrupt the production, human resources needed for this purpose and important the holding cost from financial perspective. Goods production are more concern because manufacturer may kept raw material, in progress work order and final goods while services is not critical as it is directly produce and consume simultaneously. IX. Scheduling ââ¬â Efficient way of allocation, control and management of materials, capital goods and human resources to efficiently produce the final goods from the input available. Schedules are more formal in goods production with short, medium and long term planning to accommodate customers demand. For services the demand is more direct and volatile and often concern on human resources and KSA availability to meet current customers needs. X. Maintenance ââ¬â Decision must be made regarding the desired level of reliability, stability and systems must be established by management to maintain that reliability and stability.
Wednesday, January 8, 2020
The Effects Of Divorce On Children And Children - 900 Words
Divorce in and of itself does not harm children; it is the intensity and duration of the conflict between parents that negatively impacts a children adjustment. After a divorce or separation, it isnââ¬â¢t uncommon for children to display some behavioral issues. A child acting out shouldnââ¬â¢t come as a complete surprise because after all, a divorce is a challenging obstacle for the entire family to go through. Behavioral issues in children of divorce can range from mild acting out to destructive behavior. Feelings of anger, confusion, frustration and sadness are all part of the roller coaster of emotions that a child may experience as a result of the events happening in their life. A childââ¬â¢s grades might begin to fall after a divorce. While this change is more common in older children and in boys than girls, it is a statistical probability. However, each child may handle their parentââ¬â¢s divorce a certain way than other children depending on many factors, especia lly age. Divorce has become so commonplace in America that it is seems to have taken on its own sense of glamour. Few marriages in America these days actually last beyond a few years, because divorce has become such an accepted alternative to working out material problems. In 2008 my life changed dramatically when my parentââ¬â¢s had gotten a divorce. When that day happened my world changed upside down and I thought life was over. All the while growing up my household was peaceful and loving. My family and I would take tripsShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Divorce On Children And Children1255 Words à |à 6 Pages The effects of divorce on children Throughout time, people from all over the world have chosen to live together, or ââ¬Å"get marriedâ⬠. Marriage is a beautiful thing, but there are some couples who are unable to maintain their relationship, because they choose divorce as a solution to cope with the problems between husband and wife. Although divorce can be solution to cope with problem between the husband and wife, it still has dangerous effects especially on their children. Children with divorced parentsRead MoreChildren Of Divorce And Its Effect On Children913 Words à |à 4 PagesChildren of Divorce Children of divorce are numerous, the effects of their biological parents separation and subsequent divorce has lasting effects on their behavior, academics, and their emotions. No one seems to care about the prevalence of divorce in society today; it is no longer considered taboo. Every year more than half of all marriages between a male and female end in divorce (Weaver Schofield, 2015), and data from the 1990 census states that over one millionRead MoreThe Effects Of Divorce On Children And Children1540 Words à |à 7 Pagesterminated today due to divorce rather than death (Rasul, 2006 p. 30). Although an ancient tradition, divorce rates have been skyrocketing, and the current rates are virtually unprecedented in any industrial society. Many factors might lead to a divorce, and they include: conflicting cultural backgrounds, age differences, child presence, and many more (Schoen, 1975 p. 548). In this research paper, I will attempt to examine the effects of divorce on children, and try to examine how children learn to cope withRead MoreThe Effects Of Divorce On Children And Children1548 Words à |à 7 Pages The Effects of Divorce on Children Mikele J. King Medaille College Abstract The current divorce rate suggests that one out of every two marriages will end in divorce. This paper is a critical literature review that explores the hypothesis that divorce has detrimental effects on children. Six different risks have been suggested to cause the differences in an increased need for help between divorced family children and two-parent family children: parental loss, economic loss, more lifeRead MoreEffects Of Divorce On Children And Divorce1460 Words à |à 6 Pagestodayââ¬â¢s world, most people accept divorce or separation as a way of life. Parents are unaware or do not understand the damage it can have on their children. However, in some instances, it is better to get out of an abusive relationship because that can be as toxic as divorce. On average, 50% of children who are born with married parents, will experience divorce before the age of 18 (Children and Divorce Baucom, 2010-2017). Along with divorce statistics, 40% of children in America are raised wit houtRead MoreEffect Of Divorce On Children1068 Words à |à 5 PagesEffects of Divorce on Children While divorce may reduce strain on a failing marriage, it may cause damaging effects on the children. Often times parents are too concerned on the marriage to notice the effects on children. From the way parents react in front of the children to new marriages all can directly affect the daily lives, and behavior of children. Though, there are ways to mitigate some of the issues that can come with divorce, possibly avoiding some of the effects all together. UnfortunatelyRead MoreDivorce And Its Effects On Children1296 Words à |à 6 Pages50% of all the children born to married parents today, will experience the divorce of their parentsââ¬â¢ before they are eighteen years old. Divorce in and of itself doesnââ¬â¢t necessarily harm a child, but the conflict between parents does. A childââ¬â¢s behavior correlates directly with the effects of their parentsââ¬â¢ separation. Deep emotional wounds are created before, during, and after divorce and separation. It is rare that you find a child that actually wants their parents to separate, unless the marriageRead MoreDivorce : The Effect On Children1084 Words à |à 5 PagesNicole Halterman Professor Tausch CTI 102 D Written Communication 4 October 2014 Divorce: the Effect on Children In todayââ¬â¢s society, divorce has become a normal occurrence. Married couples today are getting divorces due to many different reasons; conflicts in the marriage, a loss of romantic feelings, perhaps a spouse is having an affair, or other types of problems. Most divorces have children that are really young and due to their age, they do not have any idea how to deal with this type of situationRead MoreDivorce And Its Effects On Children1343 Words à |à 6 Pagesknow that the divorce rate in the United States hovers around fifty percent, including forty percent under the age of 21. In that fifty percent one of every six adults is likely to go through a divorce twice. Not only does divorce affect the adults involved, but forty percent of children in the United States will experience parental divorce (Portnoy, 2008). Children with divorced parents struggle with negative consequences emotionally, mentally, and academically compared to those children from intactRead MoreDivorce And Its Effect On Children998 Words à |à 4 PagesDivorce has become very popular in the United States. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, on average 50% of marriages result in a failed marriage. This percentage has been at itââ¬â¢s all time high. Not many couples have sustained a successful marriage in present days. Divorces have been around for a long time, and unfortunately kids have always been affected the most according to their age. As a result of divorce, there are many children that have to go through this situation at a very young age
Tuesday, December 31, 2019
German Verb Future Tense Conjugations
In German, theà future tenseà (das Futur) occurs less frequently than in English. Even more frequently than in English, German often substitutes the present tense for the future (Wir sehen uns morgen. ââ¬â Well see you tomorrow.) However, German verbs do follow an easy-to-learn and predictable pattern in the future tense. Once you learn the pattern for just about any German verb, you know howà allà German verbsà are conjugated in the future. Even irregular verbs are no exception. Das Futur I: The Basics German uses the basicà werden infinitiveà formula to form DAS FUTUR. To conjugate any verb in the future, you simply conjugateà werdenà and add the infinitive of the verb you want to have in the future. Basically, if you can conjugateà werden, you can form the future tense of all verbs. The chart below shows a sample German verb in theà future tense. Spielenà ââ¬â To PlayFuture Tense ââ¬âà Futur I Deutsch English Sample Sentence SINGULAR ich werde spielen I will play Ich werde Basketball spielen. du wirst spielen you (fam.)will play Wirst du Schach spielen? (chess) er wird spielen he will play Er wird mit mir spielen. (with me) sie wird spielen she will play Sie wird Karten spielen. (cards) es wird spielen it will play Es wird keine Rolle spielen. (It wont matter.) PLURAL wir werden spielen we will play Wir werden Basketball spielen. ihr werdet spielen you (guys) will play Werdet ihr Monopoly spielen? sie werden spielen they will play Sie werden Golf spielen. Sie werden spielen you will play Werden Sie heute spielen? (Sie, formal you, is both singular and plural.) Futur II: The Basicsà (Future Perfect) Theà future perfectà is somewhat rare in German. To form the future perfect (das Futur II) in German, you take the past participle of the verb being conjugated (for example,à gespielt/played) and use it with a conjugated form ofà werden. The infinitive of the helping verb (habenà orà sein) is placed at the end of the sentence: ââ¬Å"Wir werden die ganze Nacht gespielt haben.â⬠(We will have played all night.) Spielen ââ¬â To PlayFuture Perfect ââ¬âà Futur II / vollendete Zukunft Deutsch English Sample Sentence SINGULAR ich werde gespielt haben I will have played Ich werde Gitarre gespielt haben. du wirst gespielt haben you (fam.) will have played Wirst du Schach gespielt haben? er wird gespielt haben he will have played Er wird mit mir gespielt haben. sie wird gespielt haben she will have played Sie wird Karten gespielt haben. es wird gespielt haben it will have played Es wird keine Rolle gespielt haben. (It will not have mattered.) PLURAL wir werden gespielt haben we will have played Wir werden Basketball gespielt haben. ihr werdet gespielt haben you (guys) will have played Werdet ihr Monopoly gespielt haben? sie werden gespielt haben they will have played Sie werden Golf gespielt haben. Sie werden gespielt haben you will have played Werden Sie gespielt haben?
Sunday, December 22, 2019
Shakespeares Presentation of Love in a Midsummer Nights...
Shakespeares Presentation of Love in a Midsummer Nights Dream A midsummer nights dream was originally supposed to have been performed at a wedding. Therefore the theme of love would have been a suitable theme for the play. In this play, as in many of Shakespeares plays the main theme is love. Shakespeare presents many different aspects of love in the play. He shows how love can affect your vision of reality and make you behave in irrational ways. He presents many ways in which your behavior is affected by the different types and aspects of love. The main types of love he presents are; true love, fake love, unrequited love, young and irrational love and platonic love. Shakespeare tries to showâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Shakespeare also presents irrational and short-lived love. The love brought in by Titania and Bottom also based on false impressions and appearance. Oberon shows jealousy towards Titania of Bottom and others, their love is true in the end when she realizes what Bottom really looks like and that she never loved him but Obero n. Shakespeare shows the emotions and social standing of the characters by the language he gives them to use in their speeches. He uses a mixture of blank verse, prose and poetic verse throughout the play. He does so in all his plays. When the characters speak to each other in poetic verse it indicates that they share a type of love between them. Poetic verse is usually associated with lovers writing poetry to each other. This changes between certain characters as that confusion is misleading them or false emotions are shown. When Helena and Hermia argue the way they speak to each other changes when they both think the other has betrayed the other. When the workmen are trying to speak in verse, but it is very poor quality, it shows that they are trying to act on being someone else, but they are not doing a good job. The language of the workmen is that of the lower classes in Shakespeares time. They speak in prose usually. They try to speak in verse so the parts of Pyramus andShow Mor eRelatedThe Supernatural in William Shakespeares A Midsummer Nights Dream1550 Words à |à 7 Pagesin William Shakespeares A Midsummer Nights Dream Consider the presentation of the supernatural in A Midsummer Nights dream. In what way does it reveal Shakespeares moral and philosophical concerns? How does Shakespeares stagecraft (setting, Characterisation, language, verse form etc) facilitate the consideration of his concerns? and how do we as a modern audience respond to the play as a piece of theatre? The main themes of A Midsummers Night Dream are theRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares A Midsummer Nights Dream Essay1284 Words à |à 6 Pageshistory literature has changed into many different forms and styles, it has also stayed the same in many different ways, literary techniques and elements are key to a good piece of writing, a perfect example that shows us just this is in, A Midsummer Nights Dream, where we will further explore the different literary elements that were used most notably the plot. The plot of a story lays out the foundation and the background for the entire play to come, well compare and contrast this element and lookRead MorePassion in A Midsummer Nights Dream Essay963 Words à |à 4 PagesPassion in A Midsummer Nightââ¬â¢s Dream Shakespeareââ¬â¢s A Midsummer Nightââ¬â¢s Dream may come off as a simple comedy but is a complex play with many interesting aspects. Passion, a significant characteristic, is often expressed through the play. Characters in the play show passion for different reasons; Puck passions for mischief, Helena for Demetriusââ¬â¢ love and Bottom for theatrics, are a few of the many examples. Passion shows much significance, being the most important characteristic in the playRead More A Midsummer Nights Dream Essay: The Importance of Setting1118 Words à |à 5 PagesThe Importance of Setting in Shakespeares A Midsummer Nights Dreamà à à The two locations of Shakespeares A Midsummer Nights Dream are essential to the development of the plot, although their presentation relies wholly on the characters we meet there, their adventures and their descriptions of these places. Athens is not an accidental choice of location: although much of the detail of the play is quintessentially English, the classical setting enables Shakespeare to introduce the notableRead MoreThe Fairy Queen by Henry Purcell1153 Words à |à 5 Pagesmusical piece that ought to be executed instead of allowing the performing musician to select. ââ¬Å"The Fairy Queenâ⬠is a masque or semi-opera by Henry Purcell. The libretto is an revision of William Shakespeares wedding comedy A Midsummer Nights Dream. Purcell did not put any of Shakespeares wording to tunes; as an alternative he poised melodies for short musical numbers in every act but the beginning performance. The opera itself had also been marginally modernised in maintaining with theRead MoreHow Shakespeare Impacted The British History?1851 Words à |à 8 PagesNavneet Kaur CP British Literature 3-B Mr. Wasemiller 19 February, 2015 How Shakespeare Impacted the British History? Shakespeareââ¬â¢s influence on the British culture in the 21st century remains unwavering. ââ¬Å"Although William Shakespeare is viewed as the quintessential English writer, Shakespeareââ¬â¢s poems and plays have altered the course of European and World literature. The shadow that William Shakespeare has cast over the world has influenced artists, poets, philosophers and thinkers.ââ¬â¢ (WilliamRead More William Faulkners Use of Shakespeare Essay5388 Words à |à 22 Pagescarrying around with meâ⬠(FIU 67). Faulknerââ¬â¢s recorded interviews and conversations contain references to a number of Shakespeares works and characters, including Hamlet, Macbeth, Henry IV, Henry V, A Midsummer Nights Dream, Romeo and Juliet, the sonnets, Falstaff, Prince Hal, Lady Macbeth, Bottom, Ophelia, and Mercutio. In 1947 he told an Ole Miss English class that Shakespeareââ¬â¢s work provides ââ¬Å"a casebook on mankind,â⬠adding, ââ¬Å"if a man has a great deal of talent he can use Shakespeare as a yardstickâ⬠Read MoreEssay on Biography of William Shakespeare2736 Words à |à 11 Pageshis fathers shop so that he could be taught everything his father knew and soon take over the business. But instead he was the apprentice to a butcher because of the trouble in his fathers financial situation. Just what happened to alter John Shakespeares financial and social position after the mid 1570s is not clear. Shakespeare was still allowed a lot of free time when he was young. This was suggested by historians that his plays show more ideas of hunting and hawking than do those of other playRead More Shakespeare in Contemporary Movies Essay4875 Words à |à 20 Pagesscholar) is that he doesnt know. Actually, the scholar says he doesnt know the historical reason. Something about the way the scene is cut makes me suspect (scholar that I am) that he went on to give a perfectly acceptable reason for Shakespeares Richard to determine on a quick marriage to Anne, or at least speculate on a probable cause (that is, after all, what scholars do). But all that remains in the scene is an admission of incompetence. Thus the scholar-priest is revealed as a fraudRead MoreClassification of Literature3483 Words à |à 14 Pagessimple grammar. * Fictionà ââ¬âisthe form of anyà narrativeà orà informativeà work that deals, in part or in whole, with information or events that are not factual, but rather, imaginaryââ¬âthat is, invented by theà author.à 1. Drama ââ¬âis the stage presentation of an action or story. It is a story in either verse or prose to be presented on stage. -a term generally applied to a type of literature that seeks to present actual life in brief intense form visibly in front of an audience. -a dialogue written
Saturday, December 14, 2019
Selecting a Topic and Brainstroming Worksheet Free Essays
Associate Program Material Appendix D Selecting a Topic and Brainstorming Worksheet Complete the following and post as an attachment. |What two objects, people, subjects, or concepts are you going to |Paperback/Hardcover books vs. eBooks. We will write a custom essay sample on Selecting a Topic and Brainstroming Worksheet or any similar topic only for you Order Now | |compare and/or contrast? | | |What are the similarities between the two objects, people, |They both contain stories and information you can read. | |subjects, or concepts? List as many similarities that you can | | |think of. | | |What are the differences between the two objects, people, |Paperback/Hardcover books are something that the reader can | |subjects, or concepts? List as many differences that you can |physically hold, while eBooks are used on computers, tablets, or | |think of. |other hand-held devices. | |Are you going to focus on similarities, differences, or both? | |Explain your rationale. |Both. I want to inform readers on the advantages, disadvantages, | | |and similarities of traditional books vs. eBooks. | |What do you want your readers to learn and understand after |I want to inform readers on the advantages and disadvantages of | |reading your essay? What is the purpose of your essay? |traditional books vs. eBooks. |What 3 parallel points of comparison and/or contrast will you |I will compare and contrast the connection the reader will be | |address in your essay? For example, if you were going to compare |able to make with a physic al book vs. that of an eBook, the | |and contrast two teachers, your parallel points might be |differences in accessibility, and prices. | |teacherââ¬â¢s homework policy, teacherââ¬â¢s classroom conduct policy, | | |and teacherââ¬â¢s demeanor. | |Explain why this is an appropriate and workable topic selection | | |for the final assignment. | | | |Many people in the recent years have been using eBooks as opposed| | |to traditional books due to the ââ¬Å"dependencyâ⬠of technology. | How to cite Selecting a Topic and Brainstroming Worksheet, Papers
Friday, December 6, 2019
Principles and Practice of Stress Management
Question: Describe about the Principles and Practice of Stress Management. Answer: Introduction Appraisal of a particular task is like making an assessment on the quality of a task with reference to the task objective or task requirement. More often, appraisal of a task usually touches on key concerns like the evidences, provided during the procedure of the subject, level of the evidence offered and finally matters on both strengths and weaknesses (Barlow, 2007). At some point an appraisal may offer evidence that is not satisfying and that is why it is important that the level of the evidence offered is attached to various justifications of the task. With reference to the question rubric, this particular task will make an appraisal with reference to the case provided. It will assess or rather appraise both the papers end make a final stand on the most suitable paper to fit the situation in context. The final stand will also be aligned with a number of justifications that will offer a provision that in deed the adopted paper suits the need of the task. The Scenario provided The scenario provided is on one Mariana who is a first year student pursuing health sciences in an Australian University. The personality in question is described as a lady who is not married but has a daughter whose age is estimated to be 18 months. Due to her situation of being a single mother, she is encountered with worries of not being able to mix with other students (Beehr Newman, 2008). This is also supported by a number of key evidences which are mainly based on priorities. Her priority may not be the same like other students whom she is undertaking her studies with. At the childbirth of the daughter, Mariana is depicted to have suffered difficulties in giving birth and the daughter is presently suffering from Asthma (Certo, 2015). In the occasion that Mariana comes to school, her daughter has to be in the attendance of local child care centre. The case in context or rather the scenario presented ends with the mentioning of Marianas condition. She is suffering from both diabetes and rare blood disorders. A situation that also needs more than medical examination, but she has to live in her status since she gets limited support from her family, a situation that has subjected her to live in a small unit which is a bus ride from the university vicinity. Appraising the Quality of Paper 1 The personalities presented in paper 1 are Von Haertel, Stumpp, Hey and Ebner- Priemer. Their paper mainly presents information on reduced emotional stress reactivity to a situation that can be of real life academic examination stressor in students (Cohen McKay, 2014). The examination was through aerobic exercise training that took place in the 20th week. Objective of the paper The main objective of the paper in context as mentioned previously was to examine if the 20th week aerobic exercise intervention can improve emotional stress reactivity during a real life stress. The method that was employed was on bringing sixty one inactive students who were randomly assigned to a waiting control and an aerobic exercise intervention group (Cohen, Kessler Gordon, 2007). Both the inter-individual data in real life situation and diaries were brought into use. The participants with regards to the paper are argued to have made reports of their moods as well as their perceived stress (Gordon, Slade Schmitt, 2006). This was done in a time span of every two days in their daily routines of pre and post intervention. Result of the of the subject The outcome of the subject showed important emotional stress reactivity that was evident in both groups during the entire period in which the assessment was conducted (Folkman, 2004). It was also noted amongst participants in the aerobic exercise intervention group, lower emotional stress reactivity. This was in comparison with their control counterparts at the end of the time that was estimated for the training to end. The paper in context concluded with a conference that Aerobic Exercise Intervention has got beneficial effects on emotional stress reactivity during an academic examination which is extremely stressful real life situation for students. The subject in context was also mentioned to be a promising strategy against the negative health effects of already accumulated emotional stress reactivity (Kim, Yang Schroeppel, 2013). Evidences that the paper provided can be applicable to Marianas situation regarding stress reduction and mood improvement The evidence provided in paper one is obtained from the main objective of the paper in discussion. The objective is based on how the exercise that was conducted can improve emotional stress reactivity. Remember, the situation under which Mariana was subjected to was not favorable and therefore stood a chance of suffering from cases that are stress related. The first instance of Marianas stress was on the fact that she was a student and at the same time a single mother of an 18 months daughter (Lazarus, 2015). The daughter was also depicted as one who was suffering from asthma and the mother on the other hand having ailment on diabetes and rare blood disorders. The main aim of this objective is to subject the stressful situation of Mariana to the education sector as provided in the detailed analysis of Aerobic Exercise Interventions. Her mind is likely to be diverted, and her stress may not come from her real life situation, that even includes reduction of stress from the situation of her child. This is likely to raise her mood. Level of evidence in appraising the paper in context The extent of evidence provided with the view of the subject may be fairly applicable in the situation of Mariana, and there is likelihood that she may have temporary relief in her real life stress situation (Moracco McFadden, 2012). Strength of the evidence provided in appraising the paper The strength of the evidence provided is on the beneficial part of the paper in context, of which it is mentioned that the Aerobic Exercise Intervention shows some characteristics of a promising strategy against stress. Weaknesses with respect to the subject The main weakness with respect to the context is that there are chances that personality in discussion may suffer double stressful state. This is because, in the occurrence that the paper in discussion is not applicable in reducing Marianas stress, she may both have stress from the academic zone as well as that of her real life as detailed in the scenario that has been conclusively discussed. Appraisal of Paper 2 The personalities presented to be the authors of this paper include Kim, Yang and finally Scroeppel. The paper is mainly about a pilot study that offers an examination on the effects of Kouk Sun Do on students who are in the university with regards to anxiety symptoms. The paper is therefore basically about stress and health and most of its content has also shown many similarities with the journal of the international society for the investigations of stress (Murphy, 2014). Moving into finer details of the study, it is documented that the study was conducted among 30 university student who had reported cases on anxiety symptoms. They were allocated at random to either the waiting list that was for the control group or treatment group. A total estimate of 18, of whom 11 were in the waiting list control group completed both the two usual tests. That is pre- test and post test. The rest of the participant is depicted to have dropped out before the intervention stage (Olff, Langeland Gersons, 2005). The pilot test in context is covered to have been conducted at a frequency of at least three times per week in a period of four weeks. There was a measurement which was then taken mainly on areas that deals in trait anxiety, depressive symptoms and finally general self efficacy in coping with stress. At the final stage, open ended questions were used in data collection and the result is provided in the result section of the paper in context. Result with respect to the appraisal of paper 2 One of the groups which were the first 11 or rather the treatment group showed a significance reduced trait in both anxiety and symptoms of depression compared to the control group across time. In the end, there was a provision that was made by the qualitative data which provided that self induced relaxation effects may lead to reduced anxiety. Objective of the paper in question The main objective of this particular paper as already been mentioned is on the effects of Kouk Sun Do which is basically a mind body exercise on a mental health of the university students. Being that, Mariana is also a university student, the paper accommodates her because even her situation is part of mental health. Evidence with regards to both appraisal of the paper and applicability of the of it to Marianas situation in reducing stress and improving mood The main evidence with regards to the context is on the view that the paper is directed towards achieving a breakthrough in matters of stress. The paper has addressed this from a dimension of conducting what was known as the pilot study (Smith et al, 2005). The outcome of the study as provided in the result sub topic was that self induced relaxation effects of the Kouk Sun Do may offer a reduction in anxiety. Anxiety in most cases results due to extreme cases in matters of stress just like in the scenario that we are presented with of Mariana. Level of evidence The level of this evidence is of a higher chance able to offer reduction in matters of anxiety which has always been discussed by a number of key scholars in the field of medicine as one of the outcomes of matters that are related to stress though not in all circumstances. Strengths of the evidence The strength of the subject is that unlike other cases, this paper is very direct in terms of what it is dealing with, and it has been noted that it lays much focus on matters of anxiety. It is this that it seeks ways on how it can be reduced as already covered in the paper in discussion. Weaknesses of the evidence The main weakness of this paper is that, it focuses much on anxiety relief as opposed to stress. In the outcome that was covered and as severally been mentioned in the previous paragraph, the end result was that self induced relaxation effects of the subject may offer reduction to matters pertaining anxiety. This shows that the paper may not offer applicability to Marianas situation. The most relevant paper to Mariana regarding stress reduction and improvement of mood The most appropriate or relevant paper with regards to the subject is that of paper 1. This is the paper that is likely to offer reduction to Marianas stress and even improve her mood. Justification of the answer provided The main justification for the above is that, it provides for academic stress to offer relief in Marianas real life situation. Mariana is likely to lay focus on academic stress and challenges and this may make her forget of her real life stress (Von et al, 2015). Remember, it was mentioned that she even had a problem of mixing with other students; it is only this paper that will enable her mix freely with her colleagues. The second paper is dismissed on ground that, it does not directly touch on matters that are stress related but rather anxiety and therefore may be difficult to provide the required solution. Conclusion As mentioned in the introductory paragraph, the meaning of appraisal of paper is to appreciate the quality of that particular paper through the assessment of several areas. The task in question has therefore, for a greater extent appraise the two papers with respect to Marianas condition and has finally come up with a final paper that is most applicable to Mariana. For example, in this case, paper 1 has been adopted because according to the assessment conducted, it is the most applicable to Marianas situation. This task has therefore handled the matters addressed in the question rubric and all the requirements that were brought with regards to the task. References Barlow, D. H. (2007). Principles and practice of stress management. P. M. Lehrer, R. L. Woolfolk, W. E. Sime (Eds.). Guilford Press. Beehr, T. A., Newman, J. E. (2008). Job stress, employee health, and organizational effectiveness: A facet analysis, model, and literature review1. Personnel psychology, 31(4), 665-699. Certo, S. (2015). Supervision: Concepts and skill-building. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Cohen, S., McKay, G. (2014). Social support, stress and the buffering hypothesis: A theoretical analysis. Handbook of psychology and health, 4, 253-267. Cohen, S., Kessler, R. C., Gordon, L. U. (2007). Measuring stress: A guide for health and social scientists. Oxford University Press on Demand. Folkman, S. (2004). Personal control and stress and coping processes: a theoretical analysis. Journal of personality and social psychology, 46(4), 839. Gordon, M. E., Slade, L. A., Schmitt, N. (2006). The science of the sophomore revisited: From conjecture to empiricism. Academy of management review, 11(1), 191-207. Kim, J., Yang, H., Schroeppel, S. (2013). A Pilot Study Examining the Effects of Kouk Sun Do on University Students with Anxiety Symptoms. Stress Health: Journal Of The International Society For The Investigation Of Stress, 29(2), 99-107. Retrieved from https://ezproxy.acu.edu.au/login?url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smi.2431 Lazarus, R. S. (2015). Psychological stress in the workplace. Occupational stress: A handbook, 1, 3-14. Moracco, J. C., McFadden, H. (2012). The counselor's role in reducing teacher stress. The Personnel and Guidance Journal, 60(9), 549-552. Murphy, L. R. (2014). Occupational stress management: A review and appraisal. Journal of occupational psychology, 57(1), 1-15. Olff, M., Langeland, W., Gersons, B. P. (2005). Effects of appraisal and coping on the neuroendocrine response to extreme stress. Neuroscience Biobehavioral Reviews, 29(3), 457-467. Smith, J. E., Richardson, J., Hoffman, C., Pilkington, K. (2005). Mindfulness?Based Stress Reduction as supportive therapy in cancer care: systematic review. Journal of advanced nursing, 52(3), 315-327. Von Haaren, B., Haertel, S., Stumpp, J., Hey, S., Ebner-Priemer, U. (2015). Reduced emotional stress reactivity to a real-life academic examination stressor in students participating in a 20-week aerobic exercise training: A randomised controlled trial using Ambulatory Assessment. Psychology Of Sport Exercise, 20, 67-75.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)